Vitamin B12 : 40 Key Questions and Answers on Its Chemistry, Symptoms, Deficiency and Function
Vitamin B12
Click on the questions For hidden Answers about Vitamin B12
1.What is the chemical formula of vitamin B12?
C63H88CoN14O14P
What is the common name of vitamin B12?
Cyanocobalamin
vitamin B12 structural classification?
Cobalamin
vitamin B12 molecular weight ?
1355.36 g/mol
What is the role of cobalt in the structure of vitamin B12?
Central atom
How many carbon atoms are present in the structure of vitamin B12?
63
How many nitrogen atoms are present in the structure of vitamin B12?
14
How many oxygen atoms are present in the structure of vitamin B12?
14
How many phosphorus atoms are present in the structure of vitamin B12?
1
What is the role of the cyano group in cyanocobalamin?
The cyano group in cyanocobalamin is responsible for stability and storage, although it is not the only form of vitamin B12 exists.
What role does the corrin ring play in the formation of vitamin B12?
The corrin ring in the structure of vitamin B12 is important for active site binding, as well as stability and specificity.
How many pyrrole rings are present in the corrin ring system of vitamin B12?
4
What is the role of the lower axial ligand in the structure of vitamin B12?
The role of the lower axial ligand in the structure of vitamin B12 is binding specificity, as well as reactivity and function.
What is the function of the upper axial ligand in vitamin B12?
The lower axial ligand's role in vitamin B12 structure is binding specificity, as well as reactivity and function.
What part vitamin B12 play in the human body?
The role of vitamin B12 in the human body is coenzyme for various metabolic reactions, as well as nerve tissue development, DNA synthesis, red blood cell formation, and macular degeneration prevention.
Vitamin B12 biological source?
The biological source of vitamin B12 is bacteria and archaea, but humans obtain vitamin B12 from animal products or fortified foods that contain bacteria-derived or synthetically produced vitamin B12.
Vitamin B12 absorption site in body?
Ileum
What is the transport protein for vitamin B12 in the bloodstream?
Transcobalamin II
What role does intrinsic factor play in vitamin B12 absorption?
Aids in intestinal absorption
What are the vitamin B12 dietary sources?
Animal products (meat, dairy, eggs)
What part does vitamin B12 play in red blood cell formation?
The role of vitamin B12 in red blood cell formation is maturation, DNA synthesis, and heme production.
What is the connection between folate metabolism and B12?
Interconnected pathways
What role does vitamin B12 have in nerve function?
Maintenance of myelin sheath
Vitamin B12 deficiency causes What medical conditions?
The medical conditions that can result from vitamin B12 deficiency are pernicious anemia, neuropathy, and various neurological and psychiatric disorders.
What exactly is the normal vitamin B12 need for adults?
2.4 micrograms
What role does vitamin B12 play in homocysteine metabolism?
Conversion to methionine
What is the relationship between vitamin B12 and methylmalonic acid?
The connection between vitamin B12 and methylmalonic acid is methylmalonic acidemia, a rare genetic disorder that affects the metabolism of vitamin B12. A more common consequence of vitamin B12 deficiency is elevated levels of methylmalonic acid in the blood and urine, which can indicate impaired function of vitamin B12-dependent enzymes.
How stable is vitamin B12 under different conditions?
The stability of vitamin B12 in various conditions is sensitive to light, heat, and acidic conditions.
What part does of vitamin B12 in DNA synthesis?
Methyl group transfer
What are the potential side effects of excessive vitamin B12 intake?
No known toxicity
Which part does vitamin B12 play in energy metabolism?
The role of vitamin B12 in energy metabolism is conversion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates to energy.
What factors can affect vitamin B12 absorption?
The factors that can affect vitamin B12 absorption are age, medication, medical conditions, dietary intake, genetic variations, gastric surgery, intestinal parasites, and alcohol abuse.
What function does vitamin B12 have in the methylation cycle?
The role of vitamin B12 in the methylation cycle is regulation of gene expression, as well as synthesis of various biomolecules.
What symptoms and signs indicate a B12 deficiency?
The symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency are fatigue, weakness, memory loss, and various neurological, hematological, and gastrointestinal symptoms.
What role does vitamin B12 play in foetal development?
The role of vitamin B12 in fetal development is neural tube formation, as well as growth and development of other organs and systems.
How stable is the B12 vitamin in acidic conditions?
The stability of vitamin B12 in acidic conditions is degradation, but this varies depending on the type and concentration of the acid, the temperature, and the duration of exposure
What is the role of vitamin B12 in the conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA?
Isomerization reaction
Name of the crystallographic technique that was used to determine the three-dimensional structure of vitamin B12 by Dorothy Hodgkin in 1956?
x-ray diffraction
What is the function of vitamin B12 in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine?
Methyl group transfer
What function does vitamin B12 play in nucleotide synthesis?
The role of vitamin B12 in the synthesis of nucleotides is purine and pyrimidine production, as well as deoxyribonucleotide production.The role of vitamin B12 in the synthesis of nucleotides is purine and pyrimidine production, as well as deoxyribonucleotide production.
References:
PubChem. (2021). Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12). Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cyanocobalamin-_Vitamin-B12
- PubChem. (2021). Vitamin B12. Retrieved from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vitamin-B12
- Wikipedia. (2021). Vitamin B12. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12
- Medical News Today. (2019). Vitamin B-12: Benefits, foods, deficiency, and supplements. Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/219822
- Mayo Clinic. (2019). Vitamin B-12. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-vitamin-b12/art-20363663
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. (n.d.). Vitamin B12. Retrieved from https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamin-b12/
- Cleveland Clinic. (2020). Vitamin B12 Deficiency. Retrieved from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22831-vitamin-b12-deficiency
- WebMD. (2020). Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment. Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/diet/vitamin-b12-deficiency-symptoms-causes
Mayo Clinic. (2018). Vitamin deficiency anemia. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vitamin-deficiency-anemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20355025
Bing, A.I. (2023). Vitamin B12: What to know and how to check your questions and answers. Retrieved from this chat conversation.
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